L10 SAS (PT)

L10 SAS - Sociedade Agrícola da Sobreira Lda (PT)


FUNCTIONS APPLIED TO THE LAND
ECONOMIC
Aromatics [1]		Essential oils production for local market. Growth without irrigation and wild picking. Myrtus Communis, Rosmarinus Officinallis, Lavandula Stoechas, Lavandula Pendunculata, Lavandula Viridis were selected. Specifically, the conservation fo Lavandula viridis is promoted, because of it is an endangered and rare species.
Cereals and pasture improvement [2, 20]		Cereals (tritical, oat) grow without irrigation and improve nutrient content of soil. Minimum soil tillage has been carried out. Pasture is improved also by a sustainable rotation grazing plan.
Fruits (arbutus trees) [7]		Arbutus trees alone and interplanted with cerotonia siliqua (carob) and mirtus communis.
Fruits in mix between olives [7]		Punica granatus and cydonia oblonga interplanted with already present olive trees.
Cork [13, 12]		Interplanted cork and cistus laudanifer already there with phyllirea, abrutus and retama sphaerocarpa. All planted species have mycorrizhae.
Nuts [15]		Several nut trees were selected. Almond trees were interplanted with Arbutus unedo and Quercus Suber. Carrob trees alone or interplanted with Quecus Ilex and aromatics (rosemary and myrtle). two areas were dedicated to pine and Piscatia lentiscus, respectively.
ECOSERVICES
Test area [32]		Non gmo seeds for pasture production were tested, as well as opuntia leaves as mulching material and nest (bed) technology as water aid.
Photo hunting [29]		The idea is the creation of new observation points in the project areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL
Wildlife protection [39]		The goal is to grow back the natural vegetation/forest (by no human intervention), in which wildlife will be protected (no hunting) and can breed.
Reforestation [41]		In these areas native shrubs and trees species (Olea europaea (wild species), Genista hirsuta, Juniperus spp , Phillyrea angustifolia /latifolia, Retama sphaerocarpa, Quercus suber/ faginea / coccifera /rotundifolia, Cytisus striatus, Rhamnus alaternus, Pistacia lentiscus) were interplanted in a mix, in order to protect soils and close the tree canopy again, and create the native forest (quercion fagineae alliance of evergreen oaks).
Lake protection [42]		Packaging of two exisisting lakes with with biodiversity promoting shrubs and trees (i.e. Phillyrea angustifolia, Crataegus monogyna, Salix salviifolia, Alnus gluinosa). To avoid erosion around ponds due to the wild animals, fences were installed, but left opening so that they can drink. Planting aquatic plants for filtration,soil fixation and food for fish. New fish species (native) will be released in big lake and small photo observation post will be built.
Streambed protection [42]		A strip of 2 rows of biodiversity promoting shrubs and trees (Morus alba, Crataegus monogyna) will be planted (or interplanted) on both sides of the small stream to guarantee longer water, less soil erosion.
Biodiversity promoting plants [46]		Increase plant biodiversity in protected areas to support insects, birds and mammals biodiversity.
SOCIAL
Create employment [47]		Optimization of working hours and organization.
Work with disabled people [48]
Provide social services [49]



MEASURES APPLIED TO THE LAND
N.	Name	Comments
1	Seed collecting & native species
3	Existing vegetation	Partly done in some areas. landowner create streets taking advantage of existing cistus to protect from sun and wind.
4	Mycorrhizae & plants	Plants inoculation with mycorrhizae was done in cork area.
9	Half-moons	Full/half moon in all plants
10	Soil ripping	Only punctual interventions when indispensable.
11	Conservation Tillage	Used for all areas, tilled and ploughed as little and as soft as possible.
14	Organic fertilizer	Self made worm compost food from the farm fresh food waste.
23	Planting in mixes	Used to implement biodiversity at all levels.
26	Plant support Water aids study	The cocoons method and the opuntia leaves were tested.
27	Watering/Drip irrigation	Watering in beginning and drier months.
29	Plant assist	Seedling protectors, mulching and stones.
31	Grafting trees	Almond grafted with olestro in nursery.
34	IPM Plague control	No IPM to date. Bird, bats, insects as natural solution.
43	Planting on ridges	The Pistacia sp. and Prunus dulcis have been planted in ridges, the arbutus unedo were planted half way and the Ceratonia siliqua and Quercus suber in furrows.
44	Firewood 10% rule	Whenever possible, dead wood is left to encorage bioversity.
52	Root protection.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN